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The relationship between security and development is becoming increasingly significant in African countries. Since the end of the Cold War, the nexus between security and development has become more salient as development agencies recognise the interdependence of well-being and security. The concept of security has shifted from a phenomenon concerned more with sovereignty and territorial boundaries, with the state being the primary actor, to a concept which focuses on human development. It is therefore imperative that the 21st century becomes an era where security is broadened to incorporate individual concerns apart from state interest. Present-day conflict in Africa has become more internal and protracted in nature, with structural dimensions like poverty, unemployment and underdevelopment assuming centre stage. It is therefore crucial to acknowledge that development in an insecure world threatens human development, while the lack of development or inept development policies poses a serious threat to the security of the nation and that of the individual. It is also important to note that in order to address security threats facing Africa, there is an increasing need to confront the development malaise in the continent, manifested in aspects such as declining standards of living, HIV/AIDS, unemployment and environmental degradation.
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